Article courtesy of Cummins
Now more than ever, RVs of all designs partner with aftermarket suppliers to provide better, more seamless on-demand power solutions for the road. RV parks, too, commonly upgrade their electrical to provide cleaner and efficient amperage to run many of the advanced systems found in the new trailers and motorhomes.
Of the variety of effective solutions, the tried-and-true RV generator never ceases to fail and can provide the necessary amps when needed, just as long as it has the fuel and that it’s properly maintained at the start, during, and end of the RV season. Keeping your generator in tip-top shape is a vital part of overall RV maintenance. So, before you hit the open road, here are a few tips to keep your generator running smoothly and surely.
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Read and Refer to the Owner’s Manual
The old saying, ‘if all else fails, read the manual’ stands true, especially with generators. This handy booklet holds all kinds of wisdom such as where to check the oil (models like those from Onan do differ on how and where to check this), timely service intervals, and troubleshooting tips. Did you misplace your manual? No problem. Many manufacturers, if not all, post their operating manuals on their website to download for reference.
Follow a Regular Maintenance Schedule
Like any type of engine, RV generators need regular runtime. So, at the start of the season and your first trip (and at least once a month afterward), give your generator a good run under load (i.e. turn on some appliances, the roof A/C, heating units, and water heater) at a minimum of 50 percent load capacity or 2,000 watts for a 4.0kW generator.
While running the systems, make sure all vents, tubes, and/or screens have proper airflow and remove any debris. Blocked cooling vents can cause overheating, especially if you travel in constant warmer climates. For liquid-cooled systems, the rad should be clean and clear of leaves and dirt. You should also habitually check coolant levels.
Additionally, pull out the air cleaner and gently tap it to dislodge any pieces of dirt (think cleaning out downspouts on the side of your home). This will improve its function until it’s time to replace it, usually after 100 hours. If dusty, dirty conditions are common in the environment you visit, you may need to replace the air cleaner more often. However, don’t clean the air cleaner with water or solvents as this will only deteriorate the paper filter and damage your unit.
After a long winter in storage, make sure your generator starts easily and be aware of engine surging or abnormal running speeds, which could mean old fuel buildup and will need servicing. To prevent future buildup before the next season, use a fuel treatment solution and run your generator for the recommended run time and load before storing it again for extended periods.
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Adhere to the 100-hour checklist
Most generators require oil/air filter changes every 100 to 150 hours. Some companies such as Onan come with designated maintenance kits that include OEM parts to conduct basic maintenance (oil, filters, spark plugs, etc.). Also, be sure to have the right tools (see Snowbirds and RV Travelers volume 17 No 8) at the ready for basic servicing or repair.
To always have a solid running generator, adhere to the following criteria approximately every 100 hours. This includes:
- Replacing the spark plug(s), especially if there are signs of carbon buildup or oil fouling. Unless otherwise specified, set it at a .025-inch gap. The seating surface should also always be clean.
- Ensuring mounting bolts are tight and secure.
- Checking all electrical connections and ensuring they are tight and corrosion-free.
- Checking rubber fuel supply lines for cracks or other damage. Thoroughly inspect the lines underneath the RV. This is where leaks are often not noticed.
- Remember, diesel generators must have the water drained from the fuel system once a year or every 100 hours of run time. For gas and diesel generators, the coolant, thermostat, and radiator caps need to be replaced every two years.
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Filters and Essential Parts Should be Kept Clean
As a rule of thumb, fuel filters should be changed every 400 to 500 hours and during this time, check slip rings and brushes, the exhaust system, voltage, linkage, and carburetors as adjustments can change over time. If your generator runs faster or slower than it should, this is an indication of problems with any of the above.
Run times accumulate quicker than you think so it’s wise to log your maintenance and run hours to avoid missing timely inspections or service. Regular checks and inspections on your generator will ensure its overall performance. Your generator will thank you and keep your essential RV systems running worry-free all season during every trip.
Quick Steps on Changing the Oil and Filter:
- Run the generator at half load for about 30 minutes to warm the oil.
- Shut it off, remove the drain plug, and drain the crankcase.
- Remove the oil filter and clean the area where the filter gasket seats.
- Pre-fill the new filter with the correct weight oil and dress the gasket with clean oil and then install. Tighten the filter another half turn past contact.
- Replace the drain plug (or close the drain valve) and then fill the crankcase with the right amount and weight of new oil.
- Run the generator for a few minutes to check for leaks.
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Checking the Ignition Points
It’s also suggested to always check the ignition points if your generator doesn’t have an electronic ignition system. Before you do this, first disconnect the negative battery cable to prevent an accidental start.
- Open the points and ensure contact surfaces are clean and smooth. If there are signs of carbon build-up, burning, or pitting, the points need to be replaced.
- Check the point gap (refer to the owner’s manual for proper spacing). If you see a problem, your generator will need service.